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- V2 receptors
- Vaccine
- Preparation of dead or weakened pathogens, or their products, which when introduced into the body, stimulates the production of protective T cells and/or antibodies without causing the disease. [Discussion] [flu vaccines] [against AIDS] [against smallpox]
- Vacuoles, in plant cells
- Vagus nerves
- [effect on the heart]
- Valence
- Number of electrons gained, lost, or shared by an atom in bonding to one or more other atoms. [Discussion] [types of chemical bonds between atoms]
- Valine
- Variable number of tandem repeats (VNTRs)
- Variant surface glycoprotein (VSG) of trypanosomes
- Variation, continuous
- Variola virus
- Variolation
- Vascular
- Containing vessels that conduct liquid.
- Vasectomy
- Vasopressin (also known as arginine vasopressin, the antidiuretic hormone (ADH), and vasotocin). It is a peptide hormone/neurotransmitter found in mammals. In non-mammalian vertebrates (e.g., birds, fish), the homologous product is called vasotocin. Because of their homology, it has been proposed (2021) the vasotocin (VT) be used for the mammalian peptide as well.
- V(D)J Joining
- Vector
- (1) An animal (e.g., an insect) that transmits a parasite. [Example] Reducing the population of a vector is often a good way to lower the incidence of the disease it transmits. (2) In genetic engineering, a virus or plasmid that carries a molecule of recombinant DNA into a cell, thus transforming it. [retroviral vectors] [adeno-associated virus (AAV) as a vector]
- VegT
- Venter, J. C.
- [minimal genome] [synthetic genome]
- Ventral tegmental area (VTA)
- Vernalization
- Vertebrate
- Any backboned animal. Includes fishes, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals. [Discussion] [comparative kidney structure and function] [vertebrate lungs] [vertebrate hearts] [vertebrate brains]
- Vestigial
- Term applied to a degenerate or incompletely developed structure which was more fully developed at an earlier stage of the organism and/or its ancestors.
- Vibrio cholerae
- Viking missions to Mars
- Villi
- Vimentins
- Virion
- Viroids
- Viruses
- [general discussion] [latent] [RNA viruses]
- Virusoids
- Viscera
- Organs in the body cavity.
- Vision
- [in humans] [processing visual information] [in insects] [ultraviolet]
- Vitamins
- [in human nutrition] [Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDAs)]
- Vitamin K
- Vitreous body
- Viviparous
- Having embryos that develop to adult form within the mother's body while securing most of their nourishment from the mother's tissues rather than from the yolk of the egg.
- Volvox
- Vomeronasal organ (VNO)
- von Frisch, K.
- von Willebrand Factor (vWF)